Antioxidant activity of the berries of Lonicera L. under the conditions of Central Yakutia

The total antioxidant activity (TOA) of ethanolic and water successive extracts of Lonicera leaves and berries was studied. A spectrophotometric determination of TOA by DPPH inhibition was used. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by free radical scavenging and by the estimation of total antioxidant activities. Flavonoid compounds were determined by means of high performance liquid chromatography with a microcolumn chromatograph Milichrom A-02 (EkoNova, Russia), followed by computer processing of the results using the MultiKhrom software for Windows. Antioxidants were extracted from leaves and berries of 6 populations of Lonicera edulis Turcz and L. altaica, as well as 9 varieties of Lonicera of various origins growing in the collections of the Yakut Botanical Garden (YBS). Results of biochemical investigation showed that the content of dry susbtances in the berries varies from 10,7 to 13.4%, with 11,4 % on average; the sum of saccharides is 8,1 %, varying within the range from 6,0 (Lonicera altaica) to 13,2 (Lonicera edulis, Gorniy District, May). Total sugar content was found maximum in berries Lonicera edulis (13,2 mg/g) and minimum in L. altaica (6.0 mg/g). The content of soluble and easily hydrolyzable carbohydrates in Lonicera ranged from 5,3 to 15 mg/g of the raw mass. The content of ascorbic acid in wildgrowing Lonicera berries (51,7 – 71,2 mg %) was higher than in the varieties (31,7 – 65,5 mg %). Biochemical analysis of the berries revealed 2 of 8 detectable components - luteolin glycoside and rutin. The highest content of detected flavonoids was revealed in samples of freshly picked ripe berries of L. altaica (luteolin glycoside 51.3 ± 2.6 µg/g of raw tissue, rutin 96.3 ± 4.8 µg/g of raw tissue). The accumulation of flavonoids in cultivars varied from year to year. Comparison of Lonicera berries TOA in respect of ripeness showed that it was higher in ripe fruits (up to 50 %). Accumulation of flavonoids in the varieties changes from one year to another. A comparison of the antioxidant activity (AOA) of the berries of different maturity showed that AOA is higher in mature berries (up to 50 %). The results show that Lonicera is a potential source of both lyophilic and lipophilic antioxidants.

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