Паразиты Leuciscus leuciscus baicalensis (D.) и Esox lucius (L.) среднего течения р. Лена и ее притока Вилюй в экологических условиях антропопрессии

Abstract

Freshwater fish parasites, various groups of invertebrates (many of which are first intermediate hosts of ichtiohelmints) and fish are under the direct influence of the environment throughout the life cycle, including pollutants penetrating into waters with sewage of diversified industries. Therefore study of freshwater fish parasite fauna associated with multi-factor contamination of the aquatic environment may be considered as one of the most important research direction that forms the scientific basis for optimization of environmental management.

A comparative analysis of the fish parasites in various parts of the middle reaches of the Lena river and its tributary Viluy was conducted in summer 2013. 70 pieces of dace and 40 pieces of pike were studied by the method of full helmint break up. In the Viluy river the increased number of parasites with a direct life cycle and the reduced number of parasites with a complex life cycle determined by high pollution by mining wastes were revealed. Thus, currently under high industrial pressure on the Viluy river a gradual decrease in the degree of invasion of fish with diphyllobothriid plerocercoids is observed. Ultimately, this leads to the gradual destruction of the centers of diphyllobothriasis and their dying out which is of epidemiological and epizootic significance. In the middle reaches of the Lena river in the vicinity of Yakutsk the infection of pike with Diphyllobothrium latum plerocercoids and that of dace with gill Trichodina denotes the contamination of this part of the river with household wastes.