Флора и растительность окрестностей озера Мастах Тюнго-Вилюйского междуречья

Abstract

The flora of vascular plants and a vegetative cover of the Viluy River basin, first of all flora of vicinities of Lake Mastakh, which includes 86 species belonging to 34 families and 68 sorts, are considered. The study of flora and vegetation were carried out on the basis of route studies by generally accepted floristic and geobotanical methods. The leading families are Poaceae. Rosaceae, Asteraceae, Ericaceae, Cyperaceae, Ranunculaceae making the half of the flora composition (50%). One-specific families (about 20%) dominate. Among vital forms the grassy ones (45 species or 52.3%) prevail which majority belongs to polycarpicherbs. There are 4 species of annuals and biennials, 3 of trees, 15 of bushes, 4 of low shrubs, 1 of semi-low shrubs. More than 23 % of the flora are hydrophytes, hygrophytes, hygromezophytes and mezohygrophytes. Only next three purely water species (hydratophytes) were noted: Potamogeton filiformis Pers., P. perfoliatus L. and Utricularia vulgaris L. According to the geobotanical zoning of Yakutia the territory of Lake Mastakh belongs to the Viluysk district of Central Yakutia subprovince of the middle-taiga subzone. A characteristic feature of the vegetation is the dominance of larch cranberry and Ledum forests combined with hummocky reed and sedge meadows, herbal and moss-sedge swamps and thickets of Betula fruticosa, B. exilis.