Formation of Soil Temperature in the Region of the Pole of Cold in Abnormally Warm Autumn 2014

Abstract

Agro-climatic conditions for growing both wild and cultivated plants in the northern regions of Russia in particular and Yakutia are not enough presented in the literature. In this regard, the north-east region are not a rare exception. In the context of widespread low-temperature permafrost rocks the micro-climatic factors have a great influence on the formation of hydrothermal regime of soils. This in its turn affects the growth and development of vegetation. It is known that conditions in which plants go to winter, so called prewinter period, have a direct impact on formation of the future harvest the. So it is important to know a temperature of the surface layers of the soil in the first half of September. As a rule, if autumn is warm, plants go into winter not very padded by early autumn frosts and next spring the earth is suddenly green with young shoots. Autumn of 2014 in the Oimyakon rayon of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was an abnormally warm. According to many years meteorological observations, the first ten days of September is always characterized by severe frost and a sharp decrease in temperature at night, which is usually accompanied by a strong cooling of the surface layers of soil. Usually at this time there is an intensive browning of herbaceous vegetation and mass leaf fall not only of birch, but also larch. Throughout the first ten days of September 2014, the daytime temperature often rose to 22 °C, and the soil temperature until the second half of this month kept above 1 °C at a depth of 10 cm.