Forests from Chosenia Arbutifolia on the central part of the Verkhoyansk mountain (the Arkachan river basin)

This article presents the silvicultural and geobotanical characteristics of forests from Chosenia arbutifolia of the Central Verkhoyansk region, especially on the basin of the Arkachan River. Chosenia arbutifolia is a relic of the Far East, is a pioneer on pure pebbly alluviums of mountain rivers. When characterizing the diversity of cenoses formed by this tree species, the uniformity of forest composition is revealed. Based on the analysis of the ages of trees the main stages of the development of vegetation have been identified, starting with the primary colonization of this rock by pure pebbly alluvium. The accumulation of silt fractions, the change in microclimatic conditions under the canopy of the Chosenia stand, precludes the possibility of the emergence of a young generation of Chosenia. In the article, the indicators of the dynamics of the morphologic characteristics of forest stands are given. It is shown that the values of the closeness of the tree canopy and, accordingly, the number of tree stems per hectare, having reached its maximum by 30-40 years of the existence of the Chosenia stand, are gradually decreasing. This indicates the early beginning of the processes of differentiation of Chosenia according to the vitality of trees and the disintegration of the mother's canopy in the absence of replacement by the younger generation. The maximum age of Chosenia in the study area does not exceed 60-80 years. It is established that the development of mature Chosenia stands goes in the direction of the gradual replacement of the dominant forest-forming species by larch. The existence of stable Chosenia forests that function for more than one generation is impossible.

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