Various methods of biotechnological processing of plant tissues of Central Yakutia and its Influence on toxicological properties of obtained extracts

Two methods of biotechnological processing of 6 kinds of vegetative raw materials of Central Yakutia for obtaining extracts are applied. Toxicity of the obtained extracts was tested for survival of Ceriodaphnia affinis. It was found that water-alcohol extracts obtained in the usual way, when added to a cultivation medium, lead to an increase in a survival rate of C. affinis in variants with addition of extracts of umbilicaria and wormwood of Yakutia. Pre-extraction mechanochemical activation of the raw materials leads to a decrease of the C. affinis survival. Concentrations of the water-ethanol mixture that statistically reliably have no toxic effect on the survival of C. affinis for 48 and 96 hours are below 1 %. It was shown that during the observation of the experiment (48 and 96 hours) the introduction of some plant extracts obtained in the usual way and containing various concentrations of ethanol had a multidirectional effect on the survival of the test object. On the one hand, the survival rate of the crustaceans has increased, and on the other hand, the survival or death has decreased. It has been established that the water-alcohol extracts of plants obtained in the usual way (without preliminary mechanoactivation) and added to the cultivation medium led to the decrease in the survival of C. affinis or their complete death in all variants of plant extracts at concentrations of 1 % and lower in 48 and 96 hours (except for variants with the addition of umbilicaria and wormwood of Yakutia). The pre-extraction mechanochemical activation led to the further decrease in the survival of C. affinis. Apparently, this happened because during the extraction with the preliminary mechanoactivation a number of substances (not yet identified by us) are released into the extract, the addition of which leads to the sharp decrease in the survival rate of C. affinis, with respect to variants with ordinary extraction.

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