Study of initial material of agricultural crops for selection in Yakutia

Abstract

The article presents results of studies of initial breeding material of agricultural crops in the Yakut Scientific Research Institute of agriculture for 2015–2017 for creation of new varieties adapted to soil and climatic conditions of Central Yakutia. The studies were conducted in the climatic conditions of two major agricultural landscapes: Lena in floodplain areas of the middle course of the Lena River for potatoes, grain, forage and berry crops; the Churapchinsky agrolandscape of the Lena-Amga interfluve in an alas ecosystem with perennial grasses. There were studied a total of 484 variety samples of potatoes, grain (soft spring wheat, spring barley and winter rye), forage crops (peas, siberian wildrye, thin-flowered alkali grass, short-awned barley), black currant from the world collection of the N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry (VIR), hybrids and varieties of local breeding and other scientific institutions, local wild specimens. As a result of the study of the initial breeding material of agricultural crops, sources of economically valuable characteristics and properties are selected for the breeding in Yakutia: for the 17 – potato variety samples, spring wheat – 8, spring barley – 7, winter rye – 7, black currant – 22, peas – 5, siberian wildrye – 2, thin-flowered alkali grass – 2, short-awned barley – 3.