Assessment of the resistance of wild grasses in the northwestern region of the Russian Arctic to chloride salinization
https://doi.org/10.31242/2618-9712-2024-29-2-287-294
Abstract
Wild grasses are prevalent across various types of vegetation, playing a significant role in both natural ecosystems and human economic endeavors. The potential of using grasses to restore areas affected by tidal erosion and saline soils has not been fully investigated. A study was conducted to examine the impact of different levels of NaCl salinity (ranging from 20 to 200 mM) on seed germination and early growth of Agrostis capillaris L., Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) P. Beauv., Phalaris arundinacea L., and Phleum pratense L. These plants are commonly found in the Arctic region within the Belomorsky district of the Republic of Karelia. Through research, a direct connection was discovered between the germination of seeds and the growth of seedlings based on the salt levels in the root environment and the type of grass species present. In summary, all species successfully germinated at NaCl concentrations of 20–80 mM. However, germination rates decreased at 100 and 200 mM in most cases. When exposed to NaCl concentrations of 60 mM and higher, the growth of root and shoot in the grasses was slowed down to some extent (depending on the species), but not completely inhibited. Due to the resilience of wild grasses to cold temperatures, it is proposed that they could be used in the phytoremediation of Arctic areas with a salinity level of up to 100 mM (0.6 % salinity). An analysis of the data resulted in a ranking of grass species based on their salt resistance: P. pratense ˃A. capillaris ˃P. arundinacea ˃D. cespitosa.
Keywords
seeds germination,
plant growth,
salinity,
arctic territories,
Agrostis capillaris L.,
Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) P. Beauv.,
Phalaris arundinacea L.,
Phleum pratense L.
Supporting agencies: This study was conducted within the framework of the state assignment for the Karelian Research Centre of the RAS “Mechanisms of plant resistance and adaptation to adverse environmental factors” (project No. FMEN-2022-0004).
About the Authors
K. B. Taskina
Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Taskina Ksenia Borisovna, Chief Biologist
ResearcherID: rid44902
Petrozavodsk
N. M. Kaznina
Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Kaznina Natalia Mstislavovna, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Leading Researcher
ResearcherID: А-5917-2014
Petrozavodsk
References
1. Plants database. National plant data team. URL: http://plants.usda.gov.
2. Tsvelev N.N. Poaceae USSR. Leningrad: Nauka; 1976. 787 р. (In Russ.)
3. Bezel V.S., Zhuikova T.V. Chemical pollution: Transfer of chemical elements to the aboverground phytomass of herbaceous plants. Russian Journal of Ecology. 2007; 38(4):238–246. http://doi.org/10.1134/S1067413607040042.
4. Kaznina N.M., Laidinen G.F., Batova Y.V., Titov A.F. Resistance of seed progeny of plants from natural populations of Deschampsia cespitosa in the Arctic zone to elevated zinc concentrations. Arctic and Subarctic Natural Resources. 2022;27(1):70–79. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31242/2618-9712-2022-27-1-70-79
5. Imadi S., Shah S., Kazi A., et al. Chapter 18 – Phytoremediation of saline soils for sustainable agricultural productivity. In: Ahmad P. (ed.). Plant Metal Interaction. Elsevier; 2016, pp. 455–468. http://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803158-2.00018-7
6. Jampasri K., Sittiwongpeng K., Raknak K. Effect of salinity on the growth and cadmium accumulation of Vetiveria nemoralis. Environment and natural resources journal. 2017;15(2):62–70. http://doi.org/10.14456/ennrj.2017.13.
7. Trofimov V.T., Krasilova N.S. Saline frozen soils of Russian Arctic coast and their engineering geological specific. Bulletin of Moscow society of naturalists. Geological series. 2017;92(4):49–57. (In Russ.)
8. Tishkov A.A., Belonovskaya Y.A., Glazov P.M., et al. Anthropogenic transformation of the Russian Arctic ecosystems: approaches, methods, assessments. Arctic: Ecology and Economy. 2019;36(4):38–51. http://doi.org/10.25283/2223-4594-2019-4-38-51. (In Russ.)
9. Sharipova G.V., Veselov D.S. Growth reaction to salinity of different varieties of barley and its relationship with the water exchange. Physiology and biochemistry of culture plants. 2011;43(2):129–135. (In Russ.)
10. Kononenko N.V., Dilovarova T.A., Kanavsky R.V., et al. Evaluation of morphological and biochemical resistance parameters to chloride salination in different wheat genotypes. RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries. 2019;14(1):18–39. http://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797X-2019-14-1-18-39. (In Russ.)
11. Niknam V., Bagherzadeh M., Ebrahimzadeh H., Sokhansanj A. Effect of NaCl on biomass and contents of sugars, proline and proteins in seedlings and leaf explants of Nicotiana tabacum grown in vitro. Biologia Plantarum. 2004;48:613–615. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BIOP.0000047163.70240.69.
12. State Standard 12038-84. Agricultural seeds. Methods for determination of germination. Moscow: Standart Publ.; 2004. 10 р. (In Russ.)
13. Diagnostics of plant resistance to stress: (methodological guide). Leningrad: VIR Publ.; 1988. 228 р. (In Russ.)
14. Dedova E.B. Increasing the natural resource isolation of degraded lands of Kalmykia by integrated reclamation: Abstr. ... Diss. Doct. Sci, Moscow. 2012. 48 p. (In Russ.)
15. Laydinen G.F., Kaznina N.M., Batova Yu.V., Titov A.F. Effect of industrial heavy metal soil contamination on Phleum pratense (Poaceae) in the Northern Karelia. Plant resources. 2021;57(4):359–369. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31857/S0033994621040063
16. Cong L.L., Zhang X.Q., Li Y.X., et al. Response of reed Canary grass to salt stress during seed germination and vegetative stage. Advanced Materials Research. 2012;518–523:5355–5362. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.5355
17. Uçarlı C. Effects of salinity on seed germination and early seedling stage. In: Fahad S., Saud S., Chen Y., Wu C., Wang D. (eds.). Abiotic stress in plants. IntechOpen. 2020; pp. 1–21. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93647.
18. Ferchichi S., Hessini K., Dell Aversana E., et al. Hordeum vulgare and Hordeum maritimum respond to extended salinity stress displaying different temporal accumulation pattern of metabolites. Functional Plant Biology. 2018;45(11):1096–1109. https://doi.org/10.1071/fp18046.
19. Lombardi T., Lupi B. Salt-tolerance in wild Hordeum (Poaceae) species: Differences between H. maritimum With. and H. hystrix Roth. Atti della societa Toscana di scienze naturali. 2006;113:31–35.
20. Zan W., Xi Y.F., Xuemin W., Hongwen G. Growth and physiological response of tall oat grass to salinity stress. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2011;10(37):7126– 7130. https://doi.org/10:7183-7190.10.5897/AJB11.809
21. Balnokin Y.V. Ionic homeostasis and salt resistance of plants. Moscow: Nauka; 2012. 99 р. (In Russ.)
22. Rajendran K., Tester M., Roy S.J. Quantifying the three main components of salinity tolerance in cereals. Plant Cell Environment. 2009;32(3):237–249. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01916.x.
23. Zhu J.K. Genetic analysis of plant salt tolerance using Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology. 2000;124(3):941– 948. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.124.3.941.
24. Roychoudhury A., Paul S., Basu S. Cross-talk between abscisic aciddependent and abscisic acid-independent pathways during abiotic stress. Plant Cell Report. 2013;32(7):985–1006. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-013-1414-5.
25. Semida W.M., Rady M.M. Pre-soaking in 24-epibrassinolide or salicylic acid improves seed germination, seedling growth, and anti-oxidant capacity in Phaseolus vulgaris L. grown under NaCl stress. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology. 2014;89(3):338– 344. https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2014.11513088
Review
For citations:
Taskina K.B., Kaznina N.M. Assessment of the resistance of wild grasses in the northwestern region of the Russian Arctic to chloride salinization. Arctic and Subarctic Natural Resources. 2024;29(2):287-294. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31242/2618-9712-2024-29-2-287-294
Views:
126
Email this article 