Phenology of Siberian salamander (Salamandrella keyserlingii, Caudata, Hynobiidae) in climatically different regions of northeast Asia
https://doi.org/10.31242/2618-9712-2021-26-2-8
Abstract
The timing of the main phenological events and some associated ecology features of the Siberian Salamander (Salamandrella keyserlingii) in several remote populations in the cold marine, extracontinental and arctic climates in northeastern Asia were analyzed. It was shown that the populations consistently differ in the duration of the season of activity: it is almost one and a half times longer (4–4.5 months) on the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk near Magadan than for the continental and the Chukotka’s population (3–3.5 months). At the same time, the start and end of reproduction, which is the key aspect of biology, their limiting dates, dynamics and total duration may coincide in coastal and continental populations (with a significant variation of each indicator depending on the weather of a particular spring). The dates and intensity of the spawned salamanders’ coming out from water bodies differ: they stay in water until August in some continental populations and on the Arctic coast, however, they come out within a month after the start of reproduction in other continental populations, as well as in the southern part of the Northeast. The timing of embryonic and larval development varies, even if the dates of spawning coincide; they differ significantly in nearby water bodies and coincide in remote populations of the region or even the range. Metamorphosis and coming out of underyearlings on land in the southernmost populations of the region begin about two weeks later than in the continental and arctic ones. The sizes of metamorphs can vary significantly both in remote areas and in nearby water bodies, or in the same water body in different years; in some cases, they are comparable to the size of underyearlings from other parts of the range. Thus, the greatest influence on the characteristics under consideration is undoubtedly exerted by the diversity of climatic and microclimatic components than by the geographical position of populations.
Keywords
season of activity,
timing of reproduction,
embryonic and larval periods,
size of metamorphs,
emergence from water bodies
Supporting agencies: The reported study was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project number 19-04-00312a.
About the Authors
N. A. Bulakhova
Institute of Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
BULAKHOVA Nina Antonovna, Cand. Sci. (Biology), leading researcher
18 Portovaya str., Magadan 685000
E. I. Mikhailova
Institute of Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
MIKHAILOVA Ekaterina Ivanovna, Cand. Sci. (Biology), senior researcher
18 Portovaya str., Magadan 685000
D. I. Berman
Institute of Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
BERMAN Daniil Iosifovich, Dr. Sci. (Biology), chief researcher
18 Portovaya str., Magadan 685000
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Review
For citations:
Bulakhova N.A., Mikhailova E.I., Berman D.I. Phenology of Siberian salamander (Salamandrella keyserlingii, Caudata, Hynobiidae) in climatically different regions of northeast Asia. Arctic and Subarctic Natural Resources. 2021;26(2):117-135. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31242/2618-9712-2021-26-2-8
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