Investigation of changes in the properties of sealing rubbers under the influence of a hydrocarbon environment and temperature conditions

Increasing the reliability and durability of sealing devices operating in cold climates mainly depends on the quality of the sealing material. Rubbers are the most common materials for sealing devices due to their high elasticity, which manifests itself in a wide temperature range, good damping ability and other important properties. As a rule, rubber seals work in contact with working hydrocarbon media, which leads to a sharp change in their composition and properties. The aim of the work was to study the combined effect of hydrocarbon media and ambient temperatures on the properties of butadiene-nitrile rubbers. Samples of commercially available rubber 98-1 and rubber RP-5, obtained under RF patent No. 2719809, were kept in hydrocarbon media (industrial hydraulic oil grade I-20A and all-season universal semi-synthetic motor oil Gazpromneft Diesel Premium 10W-40), where the main factor was the ambient temperature. We determined their resistance to hydrocarbon environments by changing characteristic indicators. The exposure of the samples was carried out in January 2022 under the following conditions: under the constant influence of ambient temperature at the climatic test site located in Yakutsk; indoors at a temperature of 20–23 °C and with a cyclic change in temperature in order to simulate the operation of seals in the units of equipment operated in the Far North in garage storage conditions. It has been established that the greatest change in indicators occurs at indoors temperature and under conditions of cyclic temperature changes. The change is associated with intense diffusion processes when rubber comes into contact with hydrocarbon media. At low-temperature exposure, the change in properties is minimal. The RP-5 rubber showed a higher level of preservation of the main indicators compared to the mass-produced rubber 98-1.

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