Stellaria humifusa adaptation on the western coast of Svalbard
https://doi.org/10.31242/2618-9712-2022-27-2-294-304
Abstract
We study adaptation features of Stellaria humifusa (Caryophyllaceae) on the rocky ecotopes of the west coast of Svalbard. Stellaria humifusa, a mat-forming herb, is a monodominant plant community. In this paper we show that the mat life form is a complex structure, which is represented by a system of aboveground and underground organs, and a soil horizon. Aboveground organs are the top layer of the dead plants from the previous year. Flowering shoots of the current year plants with white flowers can be seen on the ground surface. The next layer of the mat is organogenic, which the main assimilating system. The layer is represented by the green leaves of Stellaria humifusa, which by their anatomical structures and functional indicators are adapted to the local habitat conditions in the mat. The bottom layer is the organomineral horizon. The layer represents a soil substrate, which is a source of mineral nutrition for the entire structure. The chemical composition of the soil substrate of the mat Stellaria humifusa is similar to the natural soil profile of the coastal area. The plant mat contributes to a greater accumulation of organic matter, activates humification and provides favorable conditions for the growth of Stellaria humifusa.
Keywords
Stellaria humifusa,
Caryophyllaceae,
mat-forming,
leaf anatomy,
organic carbon,
organic nitrogen,
West Svalbard
Supporting agencies: The research was carried out within the framework of the State Assignment for the Polar Alpine Botanical Garden-Institutes of the Kola Science Centre of the RAS «Plant and soil resources, improvement of methods of management of protected natural territories under conditions of climatic changes and anthropogenic impact and optimization of human habitat in the Svalbard archipelago» (number 0189-2019-0025; registration number 1021032422551-2-1.6.11).
About the Authors
N. Yu. Shmakova
Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute KSC RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
SHMAKOVA Natalia Yurjevna, chief researcher, Dr. Sci. (Biol.)
Kirovsk, Murmansk reg., 184250
E. F. Markovskaya
Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute KSC RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
MARKOVSKAYA Evgenia Fedorovna, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), professor
33 Lenina pr., Petrozavodsk 185910
K. V. Morozova
Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute KSC RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
MOROZOVA Kira Vladimirovna, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), docent
33 Lenina pr., Petrozavodsk 185910
O. V. Ermolaeva
Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute KSC RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
ERMOLAEVA Olga Vladimirovna, senior researcher, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)
Kirovsk, Murmansk reg., 184250
T. I. Litvinova
Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute KSC RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
LITVINOVA Tatjana Ivanovna, junior researcher
Kirovsk, Murmansk reg., 184250
References
1. Matveeva N.V. Zonal’nost’ v rastitel’nom pokrove Arktiki. SPb., 1998. 218 p.
2. Gamalej Yu.V. Transportnaya sistema sosudistyh rastenij. SPb.: Izd-vo S.-Peterb. un-ta, 2004. 424 p.
3. Chernov Yu.I. Prirodnaya zonal’nost’ i zhivotnyj mir sushi. M: Mysl’., 1975. 222 p.
4. Elven R., Arnesen G., Alsos I.G., Sandbakk B. Svalbardflora. Second edition. Vascular plants in Svalbard. 2020. URL: http://svalbardflora.no/ (дата обращения: 10.04.2022)
5. Mokronosov A.T., Borzenkova R.A. Metodika kolichestvennoj ocenki struktury funkcional’noj aktivnosti fotosinteziruyushchih tkanej i organov // Trudy po prikladnoj botanike, genetike i selekcii. 1978. Vol. 61, Iss. 3. P. 119–133.
6. Borzenkova R.A., Hramcova E.V. Opredelenie mezostrukturnyh harakteristik fotosinteticheskogo apparata rastenij. Ekaterinburg: Izd-vo Ural’skogo un-ta, 2006. 14 p.
7. Arinushkina E.V. Rukovodstvo po himicheskomu analizu pochv. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1970. 487 p.
8. Tyurin I.V. Organicheskoe veshchestvo pochv i ego rol’ v pochvoobrazovanii i plodorodii: Uchenie o pochvennom gumuse. M.; L.: Sel’hozgiz, 1957. 287 p.
9. Ponomareva V.V., Plotnikova T.A. Gumus i pochvoobrazovanie. L.: Nauka, 1980. 190 p.
10. Agrohimicheskie metody issledovaniya pochv. M.: Nauka, 1975. 656 p.
11. Klassifikaciya i diagnostika pochv Rossii. Smolensk: Ojkumena, 2004. 343 p.
12. Litvinova T.I., Kashulina G.M. Organicheskkoe veshchestvo pochv poberezhij f’ordov ostrova Zapadnyj Shpicbergen. Apatity: KNC RAN, 2015. 122 p.
13. Vasilevskaya N.V. Ekologiya rastenij Arktiki. Murmansk: MGPU, 2010. 184 p.
14. Antipov N.N. O vozniknovenii i razvitii ekologicheskih grupp rastenij v processe evolyucii // Problemy evolyucionnoj fiziologii rastenij. L., 1974. P. 119–122.
15. Goryshina T.K. Fotosinteticheskij apparat rastenij i usloviya sredy. L.: Izd-vo LGU, 1989. 204 p.
16. P’yankov V.I. Rol’ fotosinteticheskoj funkcii v adaptacii rastenij k usloviyam sredy: Avtoref. dis. … dokt. biol. nauk. M., 1993. 103 p.
17. Markovskaya E.F., Shmakova N.Yu., Morozova K.V., Ermolaeva O.V. Morphophysiological features of assimilation apparatus of Rubus chamaemorus (Rosaceae) leaves in West Svalbard // Bot. Jour. 2019. Vol. 104, No. 11. P. 1740–1752. DOI: 10.1134/S0006813619110115
18. Ivanova L.A., P’yankov V.I. Structural adaptation of the leaf mesophyll to shading // Russian Journal of Plant Physioloagy. 2022. Vol. 49. No. 3. P. 467–480.
19. Kudryavceva O.V., Shmakova N.Yu., Kuz’min A.V. Quantative-anatomical and productive characteristics of assimilating organs of dominant plants of mountain tundra Khibiny // Bot. Jour. 2001. Vol. 86, No. 9. P. 108–115.
20. D’yachenko A.P. Sravnitel’nyj analiz strukturnyh i funkcional’nyh osobennostej fotosinteticheskogo apparata razlichnyh ekologicheskih grupp vysshih rastenij // Mezostruktura i funkcional’naya aktivnost’ fotosinteticheskogo apparata. Sverdlovsk, 1978. P. 93–102.
21. Ivanova L.A. Adaptive features of leaf structure in plants of different ecological groups // Ecology. 2014. No. 2. P. 109–118. DOI: 10.7868/S0367059714020024. (In Rus.)
22. Barykina R.P., Chubatova N.V. Ekologicheskaya anatomiya cvetkovyh rastenij. M.: KMK, 2005. 77 p.
23. Borisovskaya G.M., Evpyat’eva M.G. Izmenchivost’ anatomo-morfologicheskih priznakov lista bagul’nika (Ledum palustre L.) v razlichnyh populyaciyah tundry i boreal’noj zony // Vestnik LGU. 1991. Ser. 3. Iss. 2, No. 10. P. 32–38.
24. Borisovskaya G.M., Hitun O.V. O nekotoryh chertah strukturnoj adaptacii boreal’nyh rastenij k usloviyam Arktiki // Vestnik LGU. 1993. Ser. 3. Iss. 1, No. 8. P. 15–22.
25. Kudryavceva O.V. Strukturno-funkcional’naya harakteristika list’ev roda Vaccinium v Hibinah: Avtoref. dis. …kand. biol. nauk. SPb., 1995. 18 p.
26. Men’shakova M.Yu. Ontogenez i izmenchivost’ anatomicheskoj struktury list’ev vidov semejstva Ericaceae Juss. v razlichnyh ekosistemah boreal’noj zony i Subarktiki: Avtoref. dis. …kand. biol. nauk. Petrozavodsk, 2006. 21 p.
27. Mazurenko M.T. Biomorfologicheskie adaptacii rastenij Krajnego Severa. M.: Nauka, 1986. 210 p.
28. Markovskaya E.F., Shmakova N.Yu. Rasteniya i lishajniki Zapadnogo Shpicbergena: ekologiya, fiziologiya. Petrozavodsk: Izd-vo PetrGU, 2017. 270 p.
29. Pavlova V.A., Nefed’eva E.E., Lysak V.I., Shajhiev I.G. Vliyanie impul’snogo davleniya na nekotorye biohimicheskie processy semyan grechihi pri prorastanii // Vestnik Kazanskogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta. 2014. Vol. 17, No. 21. P. 199–203.
30. Markovskaya E.F., Rozencvet O.A., Shmakova N.Yu., Zorina A.A., Il’inova M.A. Involvement of lipids into adaptations of higher vascular plants to the conditions of West Spitsbergen // Jour. of General Biology. 2021. Vol. 82, No. 6. P. 419–430. DOI: 10.31857/S0044459621060063
Review
For citations:
Shmakova N.Yu., Markovskaya E.F., Morozova K.V., Ermolaeva O.V., Litvinova T.I. Stellaria humifusa adaptation on the western coast of Svalbard. Arctic and Subarctic Natural Resources. 2022;27(2):294-304. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31242/2618-9712-2022-27-2-294-304
Views:
114
Email this article 