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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">resar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Природные ресурсы Арктики и Субарктики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Arctic and Subarctic Natural Resources</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9712</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-9683</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Академия наук Республики Саха (Якутия)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31242/2618-9712-2024-29-4-597-607</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">resar-599</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Биологические науки. Экология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Biological sciences. Ecology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Жирнокислотный состав фосфолипидов в почках березы повислой в зимне-весенний период в условиях Карелии и Якутии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fatty acid composition of phospholipids in silver birch buds in the winter-spring period in Karelia and Yakutia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2091-905X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ветчинникова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vetchinnikova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ветчинникова Лидия Васильевна, доктор биологических наук, доцент (РАН), главный научный сотрудник</p><p>ResearcherID: J-5665-2018</p><p>г. Петрозаводск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vetchinnikova Lidiia Vasilievna, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor (RAS), Chief Researcher</p><p>ResearcherID: J-5665-2018</p><p>Petrozavodsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vetchin@krc.karelia.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6880-2411</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Титов Александр Федорович, член-корреспондент РАН, доктор биологических наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>ResearcherID: A-6705-2014</p><p>г. Петрозаводск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Titov Alexander Fedorovich, Corresponding Member of RAS, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Chief Researcher</p><p>ResearcheID: A-6705-2014</p><p>Petrozavodsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">titov@krc.karelia.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3107-4342</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Татаринова</surname><given-names>Т. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tatarinova</surname><given-names>T. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татаринова Татьяна Дмитриевна, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>ResearcherID: J-9072-2018, Scopus Author ID: 55506308300</p><p>г. Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatarinova Tatiana Dmitrievna, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher</p><p>ResearcherID: J-9072-2018, Scopus Author ID: 55506308300</p><p>Yakutsk</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.tatarinova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9716-6032</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарев</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarev</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пономарев Анатолий Гаврильевич, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>ResearcherID: J-7717-2018, Scopus Author ID: 7102493328</p><p>г. Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ponomarev Anatoly Gavrilevich, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher</p><p>ResearcherID: J-7717-2018, Scopus Author ID: 7102493328</p><p>Yakutsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anaponomarev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7817-8891</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильева Ирина Вениаминовна, инженер-исследователь</p><p>ResearcherID: KHY-3297-2024, Scopus Author ID: 53064833500</p><p>г. Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasilyeva Irina Veniaminovna, Research Engineer</p><p>ResearcherID: KHY-3297-2024, Scopus Author ID: 53064833500</p><p>Yakutsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ira_spira_vas@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт леса Карельского научного центра РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Forest Research Institute, Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биологии Карельского научного центра РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биологических проблем криолитозоны СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Biological Problems of the Cryolithozone, Siberian Branch&#13;
of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>597</fpage><lpage>607</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ветчинникова Л.В., Титов А.Ф., Татаринова Т.Д., Пономарев А.Г., Васильева И.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ветчинникова Л.В., Титов А.Ф., Татаринова Т.Д., Пономарев А.Г., Васильева И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vetchinnikova L.V., Titov A.F., Tatarinova T.D., Ponomarev A.G., Vasilyeva I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://resar.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/599">https://resar.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/599</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучена динамика жирнокислотного состава фосфолипидов в зимне-весенний период (январь–май) в почках Betula pendula Roth в условиях Карелии и Якутии. Для выделения фосфолипидов из суммарных липидов использовали колоночную хроматографию, а для разделения жирных кислот – газовую. Об активности ацил-липидных десатураз судили по величине индексов, отражающих стеароил- (SDR), олеоил-(ODR) и линолеил- (LDR) десатуразные отношения. Показано, что в период внутрипочечного развития зачаточных органов у березы повислой, независимо от места ее произрастания, в фосфолипидах преобладают ненасыщенные жирные кислоты. В период вынужденного покоя среди них превалировали диеновые, но к началу вегетации их доля снижалась на фоне увеличения триеновых жирных кислот. Эти изменения сопровождались небольшим повышением индекса двойной связи. Коэффициент ненасыщенности, напротив, уже в марте возрастал почти вдвое, что особенно явно проявилось в Якутии. Одновременно с этим показаны высокие значения индексов SDR и ODR, косвенно свидетельствующих об активном участии ω9- и ω6-десатураз в поддержании жидкокристаллического состояния фосфолипидов. LDR по значениям было наименьшим, однако к началу вегетации как в Карелии, так и в Якутии оно увеличилось почти в 3 раза. Высказано предположение, что в фосфолипидах почек березы повислой, произрастающей в Карелии и Якутии, в зимне-весенний период жидкостное состояние фосфолипидов мембран клеток меристематических тканей поддерживается за счет высокой активности десатураз, но наиболее заметную реакцию на воздействие температуры среди них проявила ацил-липидная ω3-десатураза. Помимо этого, в Якутии в процессе эволюции у березы повислой выработался дополнительный механизм, связанный со значительным снижением оводненности клеток и тканей, что также способствует сохранению упорядоченного состояния фосфолипидов и их функций, особенно в период действия экстремально низких отрицательных температур воздуха и многолетней мерзлоты.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Changes in the fatty acid composition of phospholipids in buds during the winter-spring period (January–May) were studied in silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) growing in Karelia and Yakutia. Phospholipids were isolated from total lipids using column chromatography, while fatty acids were separated through gas chromatography. The metrics for acyl-lipid desaturase activity were represented by the ratios of stearoyl- (SDR), oleoyl- (ODR), and linoleoyl- (LDR) desaturases. Our findings demonstrate that, regardless of geographical location, the predominant phospholipid fraction during the development of primordia within the bud consists of unsaturated fatty acids. During the period of exogenous bud dormancy, dienoic acids were the most prevalent; however, their share declined by the onset of the growing season, while the proportion of trienoic acids increased. These changes were accompanied by a slight rise in the double bond index. Conversely, the unsaturation index nearly doubled by March, with this change being particularly pronounced in Yakutia. Simultaneously, the SDR and ODR values were high, indirectly indicating the active involvement of ω9 and ω6 desaturases in maintaining the liquid-crystalline state of phospholipids. The LDR value in phospholipids was the lowest, yet it nearly tripled by the onset of the growing season in both Karelia and Yakutia. We hypothesize that the liquid state of phospholipids in the cell membranes of meristematic tissue in the buds of silver birch growing in Karelia and Yakutia during the winter-spring period is sustained by high desaturase activity, with the most significant response to temperature changes observed in acyl-lipid ω3 desaturase. Furthermore, through the course of evolution, silver birch in Yakutia has developed an additional mechanism that involves a pronounced reduction in cell and tissue water content, which also contributes to maintaining an ordered state of phospholipids and their functions, particularly when exposed to extremely low air temperatures and permafrost.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Betula pendula</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd><kwd>десатуразы</kwd><kwd>жирные кислоты</kwd><kwd>фосфолипиды</kwd><kwd>Карелия</kwd><kwd>Якутия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Betula pendula</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd><kwd>desaturases</kwd><kwd>fatty acids</kwd><kwd>phospholipids</kwd><kwd>Karelia</kwd><kwd>Yakutia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Финансирование исследований осуществлялось из средств федерального бюджета на выполнение государственного задания ФИЦ «Карельский научный центр Российской академии наук» (Институт леса КарНЦ РАН – № FMEN-2021-0018) и Института биологических проблем криолитозоны Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук (№ FWRS-2021-0024).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was funded by the federal budget of Russia through the state assignment for the Karelian Research Centre RAS (Forest Research Institute KarRC RAS – No. FMEN-2021-0018) and the Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS (No. FWRS-2021-0024).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чупров Н.П. 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