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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">resar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Природные ресурсы Арктики и Субарктики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Arctic and Subarctic Natural Resources</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9712</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-9683</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Академия наук Республики Саха (Якутия)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31242/2618-9712-2018-26-4-109-117</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">resar-522</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Общая биология. Экология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>General biology. Ecology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Адаптационные биохимические механизмы, обеспечивающие устойчивость лишайников к экстремальным условиям среды обитания (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Adaptive biochemical mechanisms that ensure resistance of lichens to extreme environmental conditions (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6445-4269</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Порядина</surname><given-names>Лена Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poryadina</surname><given-names>Lena Nikolaevna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ПОРЯДИНА Лена Николаевна, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Институт биологиче- ских проблем криолитозоны СО РАН, 677980, Якутск, пр. Ленина, 41, Россия, <ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6445-4269" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6445-4269, </ext-link>poryadina-lena@rambler.ru;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PORYADINA Lena Nikolaevna, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS, 41 Lenin Ave., Yakutsk, 677980, Russia, <ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6445-4269" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6445-4269, </ext-link>poryadina-lena@rambler.ru;</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">poryadina-lena@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8755-7140</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопьев</surname><given-names>Илья Андреевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopiev</surname><given-names>Ilya Andreevich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ПРОКОПЬЕВ Илья Андреевич, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Институт биологических проблем криолитозоны СО РАН, 677980, Якутск, пр. Ленина, 41, Россия, <ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8755-7140" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8755-7140, </ext-link>ilya.a.prokopiev@gmail.com;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PROKOPIEV Ilya Andreevich, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS, 41 Lenin Ave., Yakutsk, 677980, Russia, <ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8755-7140" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8755-7140, </ext-link>ilya.a.prokopiev@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilya.a.prokopiev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4487-5154</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конорева</surname><given-names>Людмила Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konoreva</surname><given-names>Ludmila Aleksandrovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>КОНОРЕВА Людмила Александровна, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Ботанический институт им. В.Л. Комарова РАН, 197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, 2, Полярно-альпийский ботанический сад-институт им. Н.А. Аврорина КНЦ РАН, 184209 Апатиты, мкр. Академгородок, 18, Россия, <ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4487-5154" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4487-5154, </ext-link>ajdarzapov@yandex.ru;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>KONOREVA Ludmila Aleksandrovna, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher, Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, 2 Professor Popov St., Saint Petersburg, 197376, Russia, N.A. Avrorin Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute of the Kola Scientific Center of the RAS, 18 mkr. Akademgorodok, Apatity, 184209, Russia, <ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4487-5154" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4487-5154, </ext-link>ajdarzapov@yandex.ru;</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ajdarzapov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9466-4534</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чесноков</surname><given-names>Сергей Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chesnokov</surname><given-names>Sergei Vladimirovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ЧЕСНОКОВ Сергей Владимирович, кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник, Ботанический институт им. В.Л. Комарова РАН, 197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, 2, Россия, <ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9466-4534" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9466-4534, </ext-link>lukinbrat@mail.ru;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>CHESNOKOV Sergei Vladimirovich, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher, Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, 2 Professor Popov St., Saint Petersburg, 197376, Russia,http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9466-4534, lukinbrat@mail.ru;</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lukinbrat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-579X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Слепцов</surname><given-names>Игорь Витальевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sleptsov</surname><given-names>Igor Vital’evich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>СЛЕПЦОВ Игорь Витальевич, младший научный сотрудник, Институт биологических проблем криолитозоны СО РАН, 677980, Якутск, пр. Ленина, 41, Россия, <ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-579X" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-579X, </ext-link>neroxasg@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>SLEPTSOV Igor Vital’evich, Junior Researcher, Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS, 41 Lenin Ave., Yakutsk, 677980, Russia, <ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-579X" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-579X, </ext-link>neroxasg@mail.ru;</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">neroxasg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2024-6062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филиппова</surname><given-names>Галина Валерьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filippova</surname><given-names>Galina Valer’evna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ФИЛИППОВА Галина Валерьевна, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Институт биологических проблем криолитозоны СО РАН, 677980, Якутск, пр. Ленина, 41, Россия, <ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2024-6062" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2024-6062, </ext-link>nureeva@yandex.ru;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>FILIPPOVA Galina Valer’evna, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS, 41 Lenin Ave., Yakutsk, 677980, Russia, <ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2024-6062" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2024-6062, </ext-link>nureeva@yandex.ru;</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nureeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6785-1948</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шашурин</surname><given-names>Михаил Михайлович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shashurin</surname><given-names>Mikhail Mikhailovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ШАШУРИН Михаил Михайлович, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Институт биологических проблем криолитозоны СО РАН, 677980, Якутск, пр. Ленина, 41, Россия, <ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6785-1948" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6785-1948, </ext-link>inwertaza@mail.ru.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>SHASHURIN Mikhail Mikhailovich, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS, 41 Lenin Ave., Yakutsk, 677980, Russia, <ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6785-1948" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6785-1948, </ext-link>inwertaza@mail.ru.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">inwertaza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биологических проблем криолитозоны СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Полярно-альпийский ботанический сад-институт им. Н.А. Аврорина КНЦ РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Komarov Botanical Institute RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ботанический институт им. В.Л. Комарова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Komarov Botanical Institute RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>109</fpage><lpage>117</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Порядина Л.Н., Прокопьев И.А., Конорева Л.А., Чесноков С.В., Слепцов И.В., Филиппова Г.В., Шашурин М.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Порядина Л.Н., Прокопьев И.А., Конорева Л.А., Чесноков С.В., Слепцов И.В., Филиппова Г.В., Шашурин М.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Poryadina L.N., Prokopiev I.A., Konoreva L.A., Chesnokov S.V., Sleptsov I.V., Filippova G.V., Shashurin M.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://resar.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/522">https://resar.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/522</self-uri><abstract><p>Приведен обзор исследований низкомолекулярных соединений лишайников, обеспечива- ющих их успешное произрастание в экстремальных условиях среды. Обсуждаются вопросы особенно- стей физиологии лишайников с позиции адаптации к низким температурам и обезвоживанию. Рас- смотрены существующие гипотезы о механизмах, обеспечивающих устойчивость лишайников на био- химическом уровне. Показана степень изученности лишайниковых метаболитов с крио- и осмопротек- торной функцией. Отмечена особая роль полиолов в формировании устойчивости лишайников при гипотермии и ангидрии. Актуализирована необходимость дальнейшего комплексного изучения полисахаридов и низкомолекулярных соединений лишайников, что существенно обогатит знания об адаптационных механизмах лихенобиоты, внесет вклад в развитие лихенологии, криобиологии, гипобиологии</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A review of studies of low-molecular weight compounds of lichens, ensuring their successful ex- istence in extreme environmental conditions is given. The paper discusses features of lichen physiology in terms of adaptation to low temperatures and dehydration. Existing hypotheses about mechanisms that ensure stability of lichens at the biochemical level are considered. The degree of knowledge of lichen metabolites with cryo- and osmoprotective function is present. The special role of polyols in the formation of lichen sta- bility during hypothermia and anhydria was noted. The necessity for further comprehensive study of the poly- saccharides and low-molecular weight compounds of lichens was actualized. They will significantly enrich the knowledge of the adaptation mechanisms of the lichen biota and contribute to the development of lichen- ology, cryobiology and hypobiology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лишайники</kwd><kwd>криопротекторы</kwd><kwd>осмопротекторы</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd><kwd>гипотермия</kwd><kwd>ангид- рия.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lichens</kwd><kwd>cryoprotectants</kwd><kwd>osmoprotectors</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd><kwd>hypothermia</kwd><kwd>anhydria</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках госзаданий ИБПК СО РАН на 2017–2020 гг. по темам «Продукционный процесс и адаптация растений криолитозоны в изменяющемся климате» (рег. но- мер АААА-А17-117020110054-6) и «Разработка биопрепаратов из тканей растений и животных Якутии на основе изучения особенностей их биохимического состава и механизмов адаптации к усло- виям Севера» (рег. номер АААА-А17-117020110055-3) при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научных проектов «Качественные и количественные характеристики криопротекторов лишайников Арктики и Субарктики» № 18-44-140019/18 р_а, «Метаболомный анализ как новый подход в хемо- таксономии лишайников» № 17-04-01483 а</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was performed within the framework of State tasks of the Institute for Biolog- ical Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS for 2017–2020 on the theme «Production process and adaptation of plants of cryolithozone in changing climate» (reg. No. AAAA-A17-117020110054-6) and «Development of biopreparations from tissues of plants and animals of Yakutia based on study of characteristics of their bio- chemical composition and mechanisms of adaptation to conditions of the North» (reg. No. AAAA-A17- 117020110055-3), with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the framework of the research projects «Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of cryoprotectants of lichens in the Arctic and Subarctic» No. 18-44-140019\18 р_а, «Metabolomic analysis as new approach to chemo- taxonomy of lichens» No. 17-04-01483 a.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Калугина Ю.В., Никитина И.И. Криобио- логия. Киев: Наукова думка, 1994. 432 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kalugina Yu.V., Nikitina I.I. Kriobiologiya. 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