resarПриродные ресурсы Арктики и СубарктикиArctic and Subarctic Natural Resources2618-97122686-9683Академия наук Республики Саха (Якутия)10.31242/2618-9712-2026-31-3-515-526ZJAKFGresar-1401Research ArticleМАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ И ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИMATERIALS SCIENCE AND CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIESВлияние термоциклов на свойства ПКМ в условиях холодного климатаEffect of thermal cycling on PCM properties in cold climate conditionshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5276-5713КычкинА. К.KychkinA. K.

КЫЧКИН Анатолий Константинович, кандидат технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела материаловедения

 ул. Октябрьская, 1, г. Якутск, 677980

1, Oktyabrskaya St., Yakutsk, 677980

kychkinplasma@mail.ruСкуридинаН. С.SkuridinaN. S.

СКУРИДИНА Наталья Степановна, техник лаборатории № 636 «Лаборатория исследования теплофизических свойств»

 ул. Радио, 17, г. Москва, 105005

17, Radio St., Moscow, 105005

natasha.skuridina2001@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-6763-1080ТерешкинА. Л.TereshkinA. L.

ТЕРЕШКИН Айсен Леонидович, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории «Комплексные климатические испытания»

ул. Петровского, 2, г. Якутск, 677000

2, Petrovskogo St., Yakutsk, 677000

aistereshkin@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5919-495XГаврильеваА. А.GavrilievaA. A.

ГАВРИЛЬЕВА Анна Андреевна, научный сотрудник отдела материаловедения

 ул. Октябрьская, 1, г. Якутск, 677980

1, Oktyabrskaya St., Yakutsk, 677980 

gav-ann@yandex.ruИнститут физико-технических проблем Севера СО РАН – обособленное подразделение ФИЦ «ЯНЦ СО РАН»РоссияLarionov Institute of the Physical-Technical Problems of the North of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences – Division of Federal Research Center “The Yakut Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”Russian FederationНИЦ «Курчатовский институт» – ВИАМРоссияNRC Kurchatov Institute – VIAMRussian FederationФИЦ «Якутский научный центр СО РАН»РоссияFederal Research Center “The Yakut Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”Russian Federation202611102026313515526Copyright © Кычкин А.К., Скуридина Н.С., Терешкин А.Л., Гаврильева А.А., 20262026Кычкин А.К., Скуридина Н.С., Терешкин А.Л., Гаврильева А.А.Kychkin A.K., Skuridina N.S., Tereshkin A.L., Gavrilieva A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://resar.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1401

Применение полимерных композиционных материалов (ПКМ) в условиях холодного климата требует оценки их устойчивости к многократным температурным воздействиям и связанным с ними структурным изменениям. Цель работы – исследовать влияние натурного экспонирования углепластика (УП), базальтопластика (БП) и стеклопластика (СП) в условиях Якутска на теплопроводность, динамико-механические и термомеханические характеристики и сопоставить наблюдаемые изменения с типичной термоциклической нагрузкой региона. Температуру поверхности ламинатов регистрировали на солнечной и теневой сторонах; свойства материалов оценивали методами измерения теплопроводности, динамического механического и термомеханического анализа. Дополнительно анализировали переходы температуры через 0, –18 и –33 °C. За 2023–2024 гг. число таких переходов для УП/БП/СП составило соответственно 489/468/438, 298/287/262 и 166/163/163; эти значения рассматриваются как характеристика типичной термоциклической нагрузки Якутска. УП характеризовался наиболее высокой теплопроводностью и более равномерным температурным полем. После экспонирования его динамический модуль увеличился, а температура стеклования сместилась в область более высоких температур. Для БП отмечены умеренные изменения жесткости и термомеханических характеристик. СП проявил наиболее выраженную зависимость от стороны экспозиции и максимальный температурный градиент между солнечной и теневой поверхностями, достигавший 11,8 °C. Полученные результаты показывают различную климатическую устойчивость исследованных ПКМ и указывают на существенный вклад термоциклических воздействий, влажности и солнечного нагрева в изменение их свойств. Эти данные могут быть использованы при оценке долговечности композиционных материалов в арктических условиях.

Polymer composite materials (PCMs) used in cold climates require assessment of their resistance to repeated temperature fluctuations and associated structural changes. This study investigates the effect of two-year outdoor exposure in Yakutsk on the thermal conductivity, dynamic mechanical, and thermomechanical properties of carbon-, basalt-, and glass-fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP, BFRP, and GFRP, respectively), and compares the observed changes with the typical thermal-cycling load of the region. For this purpose, surface temperatures were monitored on the sun-exposed and shaded sides, and material properties were evaluated by thermal-conductivity measurements, dynamic mechanical analysis, and thermomechanical analysis. Temperature transitions through 0 °C, –18 °C, and –33 °C were also analyzed. During the 2023–2024 exposure period, the numbers of such transitions for CFRP, BFRP, GFRP were 489/468/438, 298/287/262, and 166/163/163, respectively; these values characterize the typical thermal-cycling load in Yakutsk. Regarding material performance, CFRP exhibited the highest thermal conductivity and a more uniform temperature field; after exposure, its dynamic modulus increased and the glass-transition temperature shifted to higher values. BFRP showed moderate changes, whereas GFRP displayed the strongest dependence on the exposed side and the largest temperature gradient between the sun-exposed and shaded surfaces, reaching 11.8 °C. Overall, these results demonstrate different climatic resistance among the studied PCMs and indicate the contribution of thermal cycling, moisture, and solar heating to changes in their properties, thereby providing a basis for durability assessment under Arctic conditions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.