Currently in the territory of Central Yakutia 15 republican Nature reserves are created. The main reason behind the need to create a relatively dense Nature Reserves Net in this region is excessive depletion of resources of game animals, especially moose and roe deer, and wild geese and grouse birds. The article provides information on the distribution and status of the population of protected, highly vulnerable species of terrestrial vertebrate animals living within the first Natural Park of Yakutia «Lena Pillars». In terms of conservation of biodiversity of Central Yakutia the significance of the Park is defined as follows: a) the list of inhabiting the Park rare and being under threat of extinction terrestrial vertebrates make more than half of the list of «red book» species of all Central Yakutia; b) during the period of validity of the protection regime there were fully restored populations of disappeared earlier in the Buotama River stenotopic waterfowl birds; c) the Park played a great role in expanding the range of lbuminn deer (Cervus elaphus L.) in the North and East of Yakutia, as well as the introduction of the wood bison (Bison bison athabascae Rhoads L.) in In the plan of scientific and practical works on the problems of preservation and restoration of biodiversity of Central Yakutia special attention in the future should be paid to study the character of distribution of common viper (Vipera berus L.) and peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus Tunstall), as well as to conduct experimental work on attraction of nesting osprey (Pandion haliaetus L.) and to explore the possibility of introduction of taiga bean goose (Anser fabalis middendorffii Severtzov) and whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus L.) in the fauna of the region.