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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">resar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Природные ресурсы Арктики и Субарктики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Arctic and Subarctic Natural Resources</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9712</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-9683</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Академия наук Республики Саха (Якутия)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-3-440-451</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">resar-1055</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Биологические науки. Экология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Biological sciences. Ecology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полиморфизм пыльцы Picea obovata Ledeb. в условиях промышленного загрязнения арктического города</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Polymorphism of Picea obovata Ledeb. pollen under industrial pollution of the Arctic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6926-9353</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Василевская</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilevskaya</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василевская Наталья Владимировна, доктор биологических наук, профессор </p><p>ResearcherID: AAY-7070-2021, Scopus Author ID: 15926526000</p><p>г. Мурманск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasilevskaya, Natalia Vladimirovna, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Professor</p><p>ResearcherID: AAY-7070-2021, Scopus Author ID: 15926526000</p><p>Murmansk</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.v.vasilevskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1065-4687</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миронюк</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mironyuk</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Миронюк Диана Владимировна,   студентка   магистратуры</p><p>г. Мурманск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mironyuk, Diana Vladimirovna, Master’s student</p><p>Murmansk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">daian.mironyuk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Мурманский арктический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Murmansk Arctic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>440</fpage><lpage>451</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Василевская Н.В., Миронюк Д.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Василевская Н.В., Миронюк Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasilevskaya N.V., Mironyuk D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://resar.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1055">https://resar.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1055</self-uri><abstract><p>Мурманская область является одной из наиболее урбанизированных и промышленно развитых территорий российского сектора Арктики. В регионе представлены горнодобывающая, металлургическая, энергетическая, пищевая промышленность. Исследования проведены в г. Мурманск – крупнейшем незамерзающем морском порту России, расположенном за Полярным кругом. Среди портов Северо-Запада России он занимает лидирующее место по объему перерабатываемых сухих грузов. Основными загрязнителями окружающей среды города являются полициклические ароматические углеводороды и летучие вещества (SO2 и NO2), тяжелые металлы, нефть. Биоиндикация качества окружающей среды города проведена с использованием новых методов экологической палинологии. Цель работы – изучение полиморфизма пыльцы Picea obovata Ledeb. в условиях промышленного загрязнения г. Мурманск. В импактной зоне предприятий города (городские ТЭЦ, мусоросжигательный и судоремонтный заводы) проведены палинологические исследования ели сибирской (Picea obovata Ledeb.). На каждой пробной площади маркировались по 5–6 деревьев, мужские шишки собирались во время пыления P. obovata в конце июня 2024 г. Исследования пыльцы проводились ацетокарминовым методом. Выявлен высокий уровень полиморфизма пыльцы, содержание в образцах пыльцевых зерен с аномалиями развития варьирует от 62,2 до 87,6 %, в контроле 25,8 %. Максимальное содержание тератоморф выявлено в образцах из окрестностей энергетических предприятий, работающих на угле и мазуте: Росляково Южное (87,6 %), Южная котельная (81,6 %), Мурманская ТЭЦ (76,4 %). Выделены три размерные группы тератоморфной пыльцы P. obovatа: нормальная, карликовая и гипертрофированная с различными патологиями воздушных мешков и экзины. Образование большого количества генетически аномальных форм  пыльцы P. obovata и особенности их тератологии свидетельствуют о высоком уровне загрязнения окружающей среды и воздействии мутагенов различной природы. Для экологической безопасности населения и снижения уровня загрязнения г. Мурманск необходимо использование экологически безопасных технологий производства и перевод городских котельных на природный газ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Murmansk region is one of the most urbanized and industrially developed areas within the Russian Arctic sector, characterized by established mining, metallurgical, energy, and food industries. This study was conducted in Murmansk, Russia’s largest ice-free seaport located beyond the Arctic Circle. Among the ports of Northwestern Russia, Murmansk holds a leading position in terms of dry cargo throughput. The primary environmental pollutants in the city include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile substances such as SO2 and NO2, heavy metals, and oil. Bioindication of the city’s environmental quality was performed using novel ecological palynology methods. The purpose of the work is to study the polymorphism of pollen of Picea obovata Ledeb. under conditions of industrial pollution in the city of Murmansk. Palynological studies of Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.) were conducted within the impact zones of industrial enterprises, including combined heat and power (CHP) plants, waste incineration facilities, and ship repair plants. In each sampling plot, 5–6 trees were selected, and male cones were collected during the P. obovata pollination period at the end of June 2024. Pollen was examined using the acetocarmine staining method. A high degree of pollen polymorphism was observed, with the proportion of pollen grains exhibiting developmental anomalies ranging from 62.2% to 87.6% at impacted sites, compared to 25.8% in the control samples. The highest incidence of teratomorphic pollen was recorded in samples collected near energy enterprises: Roslyakovo Yuzhnoye (87.6%), South CHP Plant (81.6%), and Murmansk CHP Plant (76.4%). Three size categories of teratomorphic P. obovata pollen were identified – normal, dwarf, and hypertrophied – each displaying various pathologies of the sacci and exine. Emissions from Murmansk thermal power plants, which operate on fuel oil and coal, contain elevated concentrations of heavy metals and exhibit high toxicity, resulting in disruptions of microsporogenesis and the formation of teratomorphic pollen in P. obovata. Consequently, to improve environmental safety for the local population and reduce pollution levels in Murmansk, it is necessary to adopt new environmentally sustainable technologies and transition the city’s boiler houses to natural gas.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биомониторинг</kwd><kwd>промышленное загрязнение</kwd><kwd>Арктика</kwd><kwd>Picea obovata</kwd><kwd>тератоморфизм пыльцы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biomonitoring</kwd><kwd>industrial pollution</kwd><kwd>Arctic</kwd><kwd>Picea obovata</kwd><kwd>teratomorphism of pollen</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nowak M.D., Birkeland S., Mandakova K., et al. The genome of Draba nivalis shows signatures of adaptation to the extreme environmental stresses of the Arctic. 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